- UID
- 43440
- 阅读权限
- 30
- 注册时间
- 2013-11-4
会员
- 注册时间
- 2013-11-4
|
楼主 |
发表于 2013-11-14 14:16
|
显示全部楼层
终于翻完了
本帖最后由 ZS-小吉 于 2013-11-14 14:19 编辑
终于翻完了~有空的就过来帮我对对呗。
非常感谢@无语的人@Escargot@Farseeing提供的帮助
History of the Steadicam
斯坦尼康发展史
Garret Brown wanted to be able to make a camera fly smoothly over uneven ground.
盖瑞特·布朗希望能够使相机可以飞快平稳移动而不用受凹凸不平的地面影响。
It was the early 1970’s and his original idea was as simple as it was revolutionary, he wanted a device that could smooth out hand held action shots. Up until Garret invented the Steadicam moving shots outdoors had involved the use of tracks, or dollies, laid along a pre-determined path and Garrett didn't have the crew, budget or time for these on his productions. Garrett built a variety of contraptions before locking himself in a hotel room and emerging a week later with the earliest version of what we still use today.
这是20世纪70年代初，他的想法既简单又具有革命性，他想要一个可以令手持动作镜头平稳的装置。直至盖瑞特发明斯坦尼康之前，户外的移动镜头只能依靠轨道或者滑轮沿着预先铺设的道路拍摄，而他没有多余的工作人员，也没有额外的预算和时间来做这些。盖勒特添置了各种各样的奇怪的装置，然后把自己锁在了酒店房间里，一个星期后，我们现在仍在使用的（斯坦尼康的）最早版本面世了。
The first time a Steadicam was used on a feature film was 1975 and its full potential was largely unrealized. The Steadicam made its feature film debut on the movie ‘Bound for Glory’. Garrett, also making his feature film debut, descended 30 feet on a Titan camera crane into a crowded camp site and stepped off the crane to track with David Carradine as he passed through the crowd. The result was a 4-minute long shot.
第一次在电影上应用斯坦尼康拍摄是在1975年，但当时它的潜力远远没有得到充分实现。斯坦尼康的电影处女作是《光荣之路》。在盖勒特的电影处女作（Bound for Glory）中，他随30英尺高的Titan摇臂下降到兵营中，然后走下摇臂，在穿梭的人群中对David Carradine进行跟拍。最后就有了一个四分钟的长镜头。
Next came ‘Rocky’, then ‘Marathon Man’ and then ‘The Shining’. ('The Shining' was the first to go into production but released later).
接下来是《洛奇》，然后是《马拉松人》，再接着是《闪灵》。（《闪灵》是最先制作的但上映较迟）。
Stanley Kubrick grasped the possibilities of Garret’s invention as a dramatic device. He pushed the boundaries of the steadicam and revealed the enormous potential of Garrett Brown’s invention. “The Shining” marked the first use of the low mode and hard mounted configurations.
斯坦利·库布里克 抓住了盖勒特这个引人注目的设备的潜力。他大大发挥了斯坦尼康的作用，并将盖勒特·布朗这个发明的巨大潜力展现了出来。《闪灵》这部电影是首次使用低模式和硬盘安装配置（进行拍摄）的标志。
In 1977 Cinema Products introduced the Universal Model I Steadicam that was soon superseded by the Model II, which, with a rotatable monitor, allowed low mode configuration.
Cinema Products 公司在1997年推出了第一代通用型斯坦尼康，但很快就被第二代取代了。第二代配有一个可旋转的显示器，并且允许低模式配置。
In 1977 Garrett and Cinema Products were awarded an Oscar® for technical achievement in the development of the steadicam.
1997年盖勒特和Cinema Products 公司被授予奥斯卡斯坦尼康发展技术成就奖。
The Model III was introduced in 1983, and this rig remained the “state of the art” for some years. Many operators began custom modifying their own rigs to improve performance and in 1992 George Paddock introduced the PRO sled (Paddock Radical Options).
第三代斯坦尼康于1983年推出，并且一直保持了多年的业内“最高水准”。但是许多操作人员开始习惯自己改装设备，以便提高使用性能，于是1992年George Paddock推出了PRO sled（Paddock Radical Options）。
In 1994 Cinema Products released the Master Series Steadicams, a range of four models to suit film or television use. Improvements included the iso-elastic arm, adjustable dynamic balance, an improved monitor and on the high end versions a motorised top stage which allowed balance adjustment mid shot. These were to be the last steadicams models to be sold by Cinema Products as the company went into receivership. The Steadicam Products division was taken over by Tiffen and the Ultra was soon on the market with a 6’ telescoping centre post, improved electronics and improved build quality.
1994年，Cinema Products公司发布了“Master”系列的斯坦尼康，该系列的四款斯坦尼康满足了电影和电视行业的使用需求。Master系列有以下的改进：弹性均衡的手臂，可调节的动态平衡，更为先进的监视器以及在拍摄期间可以调节平衡的高端机动云台。由于公司破产，Master系列是Cinema Products公司销售的最后一批斯坦尼康。随后，斯坦尼康系列的全部产品由Tiffen 公司接手，迅速在市场推出新款斯坦尼康——Ultra，这款设备拥有6英尺的伸缩式主杆、更加精密的电子部件和制作工艺。
Nearing the end of the 20th century many new manufacturers where introducing a variety of rigs to suit all levels of film-making and budgets. Tiffen introduced the Flyer and the Merlin to cater for the flood of small digital video cameras coming onto the market. Later an intermediate rig the Pilot was released along with a vest and arm upgrade option for the tiny Merlin. All these variations though are still based on the original design that Garrett used to execute the 4 minute crane step off shot on “Bound For Glory” back in 1975. New technology and materials such as carbon fibre and LCD monitor screens have improved performance but the principle design remains unchanged.
在20世纪末，出现了许多新的斯坦尼康制造商，推出了各式各样的斯坦尼康，以适应各种类型的电影制作和预算。Tiffen公司为了迎合如洪水一样涌入市场的小型数码摄像机，推出了“Flyer”和“Merlin”系列的斯坦尼康。随后，在小型的“Merlin”基础上进行升级设计，添加了背心和动力臂的中型斯坦尼康“Pilot”系列也面世了。斯坦尼康所有的这些变化归根到底离不开它最原始的设计，那个1975年盖勒特凭借着完成了《光荣之路》四分钟长的从摇臂到地面的拍摄的斯坦尼康设计。新的技术和材料，例如碳纤维管和LCD监视器屏幕，确实使斯坦尼康具备了更好的性能，但它的设计原理却是从没改变的。 |
|
发表于 2013-11-12 11:38
